According to a recent systematic review, the global prevalence of depression in people aged >60 years is estimated to be 28%.¹ The relationship of major depressive disorder (MDD) and dementia is complex, with MDD and dementia commonly co-occurring within the ageing population;^2,3 approximately 40% of people living with dementia will experience depressive symptoms.⁴ Currently, there are an estimated 55 million people living with dementia. However, by 2050 this is expected to rise to 139 million.⁵ An industry mini session held at the 36th ECNP Congress, Barcelona, October 7−10 2023 featuring Professor Nicola Lautenschlager, University of Melbourne, Australia and Professor Luis Agüera Ortiz, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain, asked how we can better identify and manage depression and co-morbid dementia in an ageing population; see the infographic to discover more.⁶